Cosmologia Budista

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IADURILE (Narakas)


Naraka or Niraya (Tib: dmyal ba) is the name given to one of the worlds of greatest suffering, usually translated into English as "hell" or "purgatory".

As with the other realms, a being is born into one of these worlds as a result of his karma, and resides there for a finite length of time until his karma has achieved its full result, after which he will be reborn in one of the higher worlds as the result of an earlier karma that had not yet ripened.

The mentality of a being in the hells corresponds to states of extreme fear and helpless anguish in humans.

Physically, Naraka is thought of as a series of layers extending below Jambudvīpa into the earth.

There are several schemes for counting these Narakas and enumerating their torments.

One of the more common is that of the Eight Cold Narakas and Eight Hot Narakas.

IADURILE INFOCATE

Sańjīva – the "reviving" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 162*10 10 years long. (10 la puterea a 10-a)
Kālasūtra – the "black thread" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 1296*10 10 years long.
Saṃghāta – the "crushing" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 10,368*10 10 years long.
Raurava – the "screaming" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 82,944*10 10 years long.
Mahāraurava – the "great screaming" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 663,552*10 10 years long.
Tapana – the "heating" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 5,308,416*10 10 years long.
Pratāpana – the "great heating" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 42,467,328*10 10 years long.
Avīci – the "uninterrupted" Naraka. Life in this Naraka is 339,738,624*10 10 years long.


IADURILE INGHETATE

Arbuda – the "blister" Naraka
Nirarbuda – the "burst blister" Naraka
Aṭaṭa – the Naraka of shivering
Hahava – the Naraka of lamentation
Huhuva – the Naraka of chattering teeth
Utpala – the "blue lotus" Naraka
Padma – the "lotus" Naraka
Mahāpadma – the "great lotus" Naraka

Each lifetime in these Narakas is twenty times the length of the one before it.